Frequency of electrocardiographic alterations in hemodialyzed patients

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Electrocardiograms are a fundamental tool in cardiovascular prevention in these patients, as they allow for the early detection of electrical abnormalities associated with an increased risk of arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia, and other complications that are associated with morbidity and mortality in these patients. Objective: To determine the frequency of electrocardiographic abnormalities in hemodialysis patients. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional design was applied to adult patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis who attended the National Hospital, Itauguá, Paraguay, in 2023. Results: Ninety-four patients were included, with a predominance of males (60%). The most prevalent risk factor was high blood pressure. The main electrocardiographic abnormalities were: T wave disorders, QTc prolongation, and signs of ventricular hypertrophy, with 81.9%, 35.10%, and 26.59%, respectively. Conclusion: The systematic use of electrocardiograms contributes to the early detection of cardiac abnormalities, facilitating timely intervention to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.