Prevalence of coronary lesions in patients who are candidates for kidney transplantation

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. In this context, the evaluation of kidney transplant recipients should focus on the detection and eventual treatment of these disorders, as well as the active search for neoplasms, the assessment of frailty, and psychosocial aspects, to reduce the occurrence of adverse events in the perioperative period.

Objective: To determine the frequency of coronary lesions in patients who are candidates for kidney transplantation.

Methodology: An observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional design was used. Adult patients of both sexes with chronic kidney disease treated at the National Hospital, Itauguá, Paraguay, between 2022 and 2024 were included. Those who underwent coronary angiography as a preoperative evaluation for kidney transplant surgery were included.

Results: Thirty-nine patients diagnosed with stage V chronic kidney disease were included. The mean age was 39 years, 69.23% were male, all were hypertensive, 25.64% had some type of dyslipidemia, 17.95% were overweight, and 12.82% were smokers. Coronary lesions were detected in 23.08% of patients, with the anterior descending artery being the most affected (15.38%), predominantly with mild lesions.

Conclusions: The frequency of coronary lesions is higher in patients with a greater number of cardiovascular risk factors.